Early Modern England a Social History

Effect of Brand Image and Advertisement on Consumer Buying Behavior Essay Effect of Brand Image and Advertisement on Consumer Buying Behavior Effect of Brand Image and Advertisement on Consumer Buying Behavior Muhammad Ehsan Malik, Muhammad 1 2 Mudasar Ghafoor, 3Hafiz Kashif Iqbal, 4Qasim Ali, 4Hira Hunbal, 4Muhammad Noman and 4Bilal Ahmad 1Institute of Business Administration (IBA), University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan Dean Economics and Management Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan 2School of Business, University of Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom 3School of Business and Economics, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan 4Department of Business Administration, University of the Punjab Gujranwala Campus, Pakistan Submitted: Apr 27, 2013; Accepted: Jun 3, 2013; Published: Jun 20, 2013 Abstract: Brand picture and ad assume a significant job to help up any business execution as brand picture is an inferred apparatus which can emphatically change people’s purchasing practices and commercial is carrying on as a main thrust for any business as it’s a powerful source to pass on your message and remain in customer’s mind. The motivation behind this examination is to look at the effect of brand picture and promotion on buyer purchasing conduct in the overall population at Gujranwala city. Poll review was utilized to gather the information by utilizing non likelihood advantageous examining procedure. An example of 200 surveys was utilized in which 175 reactions were gathered inside the time of one month. Discoveries show that brand picture and notice have solid positive impact and noteworthy relationship with Consumer purchasing conduct. Individuals see the brand picture with inspirational mentality. Study portrayed that young people in Gujranwala are increasingly cognizant about their economic wellbeing so they favor marked items and ad influences their Consumer Buying Behavior emphatically. In the remainder of article confinements of exploration, suggestions and proposals for additional examination likewise included. Watchwords: Brand picture Advertisement Consumer Buying Behavior INTRODUCTION can construct long haul gainful relations with clients. Individuals in our general public are so cognizant about their any business can emphatically influence the practices of status and they like to utilize marked items to show individuals with respect to mark picture, fulfillment and dependability. off their superficial point of interest. Brand is considered as inferred At present time in worldwide and developing markets gadget through which any business can accomplish the business war isn't just on cost yet client fascination, fascination of individuals and can appreciate the serious edge. unwaveringness and relationship matters a ton. Organizations are so In our neighborhood situation it likewise considered as a significant resource cognizant about their customer’s fulfillment. for any business as it can change peoples’ purchasing Advertisement assumes a urgent job for any business to conduct. It can assume a crucial job to grow any business. help up its exhibition diagram as it is an amazing procedure Brand picture improvement is a drawn out procedure and it to pull in your clients toward your item. In can demonstrate a solid weapon to battle with your rivals. Pakistan notice likewise turning into a main thrust for Customers depend on marked items and generally want to any business since it can drive individuals to change their purchase items with notable brand name. Showcasing conduct in regards to your item in positive sense. significant techniques and devices can build up the brand of Advertisement is a prevailing and driving weapon in all any item. On the off chance that brand is overseen in powerful manners, a showcasing apparatuses because of its positive effect on consumers’ business can appreciate greatest number of clients and purchasing conduct. It’s a viable method to impart Refine nature of items and social

Native American Literature Essay

This bit of writing, â€Å"Superman and Me† by Sherman Alexie, reflects being an Indian in today’s culture written in first individual. Alexie uses recollections from his adolescence to build up his theory: perusing and composing spared his life and permitted him to beat neediness and be fruitful. They were an Indian family and his dad claimed a colossal measure of books. He figured out how to peruse at an early age with a Superman comic book. He expounds on the generalizations of Indians expected to be moronic and bomb in the non-Indian world. He, then again, declined this pity and wouldn't fall flat; he was a savvy Indian that read as much as could reasonably be expected. He grew up to be an essayist and visited the schools unfailingly to spare the lives of Indian kids. The motivation behind this article is to improve the lives of Indian youngsters. LaFarge, Oliver. â€Å"Myths that Hide the American Indian. † Historical view point. New York: John A. Garraty, 1991. 3-5. Print. In this article, Oliver La Farge expounds on the genuine human advancement of the American Indian in â€Å"Myths that conceal the American Indian. † Europeans made deductions without getting them. La Farge depicts the effect of the white men’s negative view of Indians as merciless, shifty, savages, tipsy, and apathetic bums. The most significant impact the Indians had on western human advancement was their political economy where they had one ruler. Afterward, England shaped a protected government. All things considered, this article’s design was to illistrate the Europeans’ perspectives on Indians as savages wasn't right; they were only progressing to human advancement. â€Å"The World on Turtle’s Back. † McDougal Littell Literature: American Literature. Evanston, IL: McDougal Littell, 2008. 34-40. Print. â€Å"The World on a Turtles Back† portrays the world before land, animals, or individuals. The Sky-World comprised of numerous divine beings, an incredible sea, winged creatures of the ocean, fish, animals of the profound, and above all the Great Tree that developed right in the center. The creator expresses that several was expecting a child in the Sky-World the man went to bring some bark from the underlying foundations of the Great Tree. He accidently burrowed an opening through the Sky-World and his pregnant spouse fell through catching a bit of the bark’s root. The lady planted the roots, and as she strolled around the earth it developed into sustaining food. Afterward, the woman brought forth an infant young lady, and when the young lady got more established she had twins. the privilege gave twin had all the earmarks of being god-like, while the left-landed twin conform to the villain. The two twins had their own forces; anyway one twin would utilize it to perform kind acts, and the other utilized it to seek after abhorrence. They battled till the end, however both needed to exist to keep up balance on the planet. The reason for this story is to demonstrate there must be detestable on the planet to offset with the great. Momaday, N. Scott. â€Å"The Way to Rainy Mountain. † McDougal Littell Literature: American Literature. Evanston, IL: McDougal Littell, 2008. 52-58. Print. N. Scott Momaday’s â€Å"The Way to Rainy Mountain† uses symbolism to upgrade the effect of his perished grandmother’s life and old traditions while he makes his excursion to her grave in Rainy Mountain. Aho, Momaday’s grandma, had a place with the last clan that relocated to North America. The Kiowas made a legend that clarified that seven sisters structure the Big Dipper. Aho respected the sun by going to the Kiowa Sun Dances. Petitions kept her memory since she was continually asking in any event, when she passed on. Momaday accepts his grandmother’s demise was entire and endless for her to have lived and kicked the bucket in a similar spot: Rainy Mountain. The motivation behind this story is to advise the peruser about the social history of the Kiowa Indians. Tempus, Allie. â€Å"A Tribal Tragedy: Suicide Rates Soar Among Native Americans† New America Media November 29 2010 Posted. Web. Local Americans’ self destruction rates are assessed in Allie Tempus’, â€Å"A Tribal Tragedy. † They have the most elevated pace of all other ethnic and racial gatherings. The suicides are followed back to their emotional well-being, including misery. Neediness and family issues brought about gloom which prompted medication and liquor use. Numerous clients encountered a damaging adolescence and went to medications to lighten the torment. Local Americans automatically lost the equalization in their lives as their conventions and customs ceased to exist, yet today there are avoidance endeavors made to lessen self destruction rates. The motivation behind this news is to educate the peruser about the history and cheerful future for Native Americans’ self destruction rates. Popick, Jacqui. â€Å"Native American Women, Past, Present and Future. † Lethbridge Undergraduate Research Journal. 2006. Volume 1 Number 1. Jacqui Popicks’s â€Å"Native American Women, Past, Present, and Future† is an educational article that assesses the various ages in the life of a common Native American lady. Before, ladies were dealt with equivalent and with deference since they have the ability to give life. In present day, an uncommon changed happened in light of the fact that ladies face sexism, bigotry, and they are not commonly regarded just as in the past. The Bill of Rights at long last gave ladies their privileges after a long, hard fight however that was insufficient. As time advanced, Native American ladies started projects of mindfulness, AIDS, self destruction, savagery, anticipation, and training to reestablish lives and defeat the sentiment of sadness. The motivation behind this diary is to show a correlation of the treatment of Native American ladies in the at various times, just as objectives for what's to come.

Which is the Best Method to Get a Research Term Paper Done?

Which is the Best Method to Get a Research Term Paper Done?You are probably reading this article because you are facing difficulties in getting a research term paper done by the deadline. The reason why you are having difficulty is that you are trying to decide which is the best way to do it. In this case, we will talk about which options are the best and discuss the disadvantages of each of them. Also, we will discuss how to make an informed decision.Research paper is something very important because it is what you need to get into a good college. This is why it is important that you find the right method to write a research term paper. There are a lot of advantages and disadvantages of each of these methods.The first method is the least advantageous one. This method involves writing a paper on your own using a certain method. The problem with this method is that you need to have time to read and write all of the information that you want to include in your paper. For example, if yo u want to talk about personal experience, you will have to have a personal experience related to your topic.The second method is the most common method used. It involves using a specific tool or software to help you with writing your paper. However, this can be very confusing because sometimes it is hard to know which software is the best to use. Also, the advantage of this method is that you can easily manage the formatting of your paper.The third method is the most innovative and advanced one. This method combines the two methods mentioned above. Using this method, you can write the research term paper right away in the comfort of your home using a word processor.The fourth method is to use an online source to help you with writing the research term paper. Nowadays, there are a lot of websites that can help you with writing your paper. However, some people are not happy about using these websites because they believe that it is a waste of money.There are other things to consider w hen looking for a good research term paper. First of all, you have to decide if you want to do this yourself or you want to hire a student to do it for you. If you think that you are capable of doing it yourself, then it is the best choice. This is because if you hire a student to do it for you, you will not be able to see the results of the paper because the student will be handling everything on your behalf.Just like any other job, there are advantages and disadvantages in writing a research term paper. Just make sure that you are able to identify the best method that suits you.

David Albert s The New York Times - 863 Words

David Albert is a professor of philosophical foundations of physics at Columbia University in New York. He got his Bachelors degree in Physics from Columbia University and a Doctorate in Theoretical physics at Rockefeller University. In 2012, Dr. Albert got into a public dispute with Lawrence Krauss who is a theoretical physicist and cosmologist. He is also the Foundation Professor of the school of Earth and Space exploration at Arizona State University in Tempe, Arizona. Dr. Krauss wrote a book called A Universe from Nothing where he stated that religion is now irrelevant because science can now prove that something can come from nothing. Dr. Albert read and wrote a scathing review of the book for the New York Times, stating that the title is devastating and in no way can we prove that something can come from nothing. For starters, Dr. Albert is an atheist and believes that this book is arguing for his views of religion, but doing so in a dishonest way. This led Dr. Albert to write such a review over this book. After his review was published, Dr. Krauss responded to the review saying some outlandish statements, which Dr. Albert was kind enough to come and debate for us here at Benedictine College. The first statement that Dr. Krauss makes is a statement between the relationship of philosophy and science. He says that philosophy is for people who can not do, so they teach. He goes on to say that science progress and philosophy does not. Dr. Albert responded to that byShow MoreRelatedAlbert Camus and Bohemian Rhapsody Comparison1695 Words   |  7 Pages Combining the writings of â€Å"Queen† and Albert Camus Albert Camus was one of the most renowned authors during the early twentieth century. With writings such as The Stranger, and The Plague, Camus has struck the world of literature with amazing works that are analyzed to a great extent. 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Could Modifying tht School System Prevent Youth Suicides and Other Tragic Events - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1517 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2019/07/01 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Suicide Essay Did you like this example? Modifying the US School Systems Could modifying the school system prevent youth suicides and other tragic events? Interview of the pressures/mental health issues that come along with the current school system, one that many claim to be outdated/insufficient Interview Describing in their words on school Shooting(s) Modifying the school system for grades elementary and above throughout the United States would benefit the youth in many ways which include the safety/comfort of their lives, Mental Health and overall education. *Use Active Verbs: a subject/verb structure As a matter of fact = In Fact At this point in time = Now or Currently In order to = To *Clarify Balance Parallel Ideas Avoid distraction shifts in structure, writes-took Many kids who are severely bullied in school or through the internet could potentially end up harming themselves, and this has been proven over time in many cases. There are huge amounts of contributing factors that cause children, teens or even young adults to have problems in a school environment.. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Could Modifying tht School System Prevent Youth Suicides and Other Tragic Events" essay for you Create order Some kids are not lucky enough to find positive companions or groups of kids that have their back and could therefore feel alone. These students may already suffer from mental illness or feel alone and constantly struggle with physical bullying, feeling shamed, embarrassed, or sometimes even having their lives threatened. Sometimes threats made in school are meant for post school places where these teens hang out, leaving the victim in fear both during the school day and the remainder of their days. In the hours when they should otherwise feel safe, like walking home or going to an after-school job, party, or sports practice, students should not need to worry about any extra stress or suffering, let alone fear loss of life. For the victim that finds the strength to inform an adult that may include a teacher, guidance counselor, principal or parent, they have to deal with a whole new way of being attacked by potentially being labeled a snitch. Despite the concern of the childs safety, this brings a whole new level of bullying that affects both the lives and education of many students daily. More than once on a frequent basis one of those victims are informed by the administration or counselor that maybe they should change their behavior or try harder to fit in in order to avoid being bullied. The administration therefore blames the victim, which leads to discouraging them to never try to stick up for themselves and lets the harassment continue until its too late. This could result in the student either taking their life or worse, the life of their peers. For all of the security systems in place in schools these days to protect against gun violence, we are still in a state of extremely lacking the the ability to keep kids safe from deadly weapons, bullying, and suicide. It is easy to identify the consequences of violence to children. In addition to the physical consequences resulting from physical violence, there are also more social and psychological consequences as well. Children who are bullied or injured at school often show signs of depression, violent thoughts, suicide, anxiety, low self-esteem and other psychological {issues. [Another problem This leads into proposed solutions for the situation on mental health issues that develop through being in the current corrupt school system . The reason college is not included is because nobody is forced to attend college, a choice is given. According to Switzerland According to deLara, Bullying or harassment are a part of the everyday experience of many school children in the U.S. Bullying can take many forms and, while not acceptable, is considered almost inevitable. Data had been gathered from 5 focus groups, with a total of 52 interviews individually through the people. The study examined students who either currently were or had been bullied in the past, and their cognitive reactions/coping strategies. Coping strategies at school include cognitive problem-solving skills and emotion-focused skills, which in the article is describe as seeking social support and telling an adult as cognitive problem-solving, and ignoring, being nonchalant, or crying as emotion-focused approaches to coping. Findings from this research educates violence protection programs by showing the perspective of students on dealing with this universal and detrimental issue. When that doesnt work and all hope is lost for the student that cant find their way out of their dilemma they turn to talking it out on their peers. According to Mendl, A mass killing is a complex behavior that is the product of a range of variables We then evaluate media reporting guidelines and research related to the prevention of suicide and other imitational behaviors to identify reactive and proactive strategies that could minimize the likelihood of one mass killing inducing another. . Research from a very recent time suggests this by presenting that when a mass killing occurs there is a greater chance of another occurring in the near future, also commonly known as the domino effect. Students that are victims see this as a way to stop their bullies and in a way try to use it as an intimidation technique and they see it as the only option when the rest of their cries for help were left unheard. Inequality has life or death consequences and people who suffer from a disadvantage live shorter lives and deal with harsh mental and physical health. Jewel asserts, We have known for quite some time that disadvantaged individuals suffer from poorer health outcomes and lower life spans than the advantaged. This article collectively refers to scientific theories as embodied inequality and explains why it is so difficult for individuals. It speaks about racial discrimination and inequality which are two strong impacts on the mental health of students. The inequality students are faced with due to living in stressful disadvantaged environments with little social security and no control over a situation can lead students to believe they have no way out and often blame themselves for the situation they are in. It leads to stress because of the negative environment which in the end often leads to suicide. School violence is a serious problem which leads to most schools having some level of violent situations that may include bullying, school fights or even use of weapons on campus. The presence of violence in a schools could leads to mul tiple serious consequences, making it important to recognize the consequences so that the school can address the problem before it grows stronger/more serious. Violence in schools also has an impact on the school itself. The presence of a high amount of violence is bad for the schools reputation, which means that parents will try to remove their children from the school. Fewer students means less funding for the school, which means the school will be unable to provide the best education. Extreme violence-prevention methods would be an intelligent and responsible investment. Constant security guards or police presence and metal detectors, are expensive but losing students due to fear or various reasons loses money for the school in the long run. Many schools decide to transform into a zero tolerance policy when violence becomes an issue. They implement metal detectors on campuses and provide constant police monitoring. This can actually be a problem for the school in some cases, in which Students may be more secretive since the consequences are more incense. Policies and procedures should be focused on when and how to react when someone mentions a desire to harm themselves, others or beven both in man y cases sadly. Presenting a cause of harm could occur verbally, through social media or in a form of writing/video. Sometimes the threat is specific, but other times its not and the more specific the target group, location, time or method, the higher risk of harm and ability to prevent. This would be true for someone that pertains to or does not a mental health issues and as part of the curriculum, students should learn to identify bullying language/actions in one another. Positive communication skills should also be taught from a young age and understanding this will help create more of a healthy environment where harm is less likely to occur. Sexual harassment is another issue that affects students around the world every single day. Administrators can take several steps to help eliminate sexual harassment in their schools and further educate students about the harmful subject. This could lead to prevention and overall better awareness by students being taught the difference between friendly teasing and bullying or flirting and harassment. Many schools have moved and adapted from traditional punishments that remove kids from the classroom, and instead schools should implement positive behavioral involvements and more extensive student support methods. Older generation rules that include suspensions or expulsions dont address the root of the situations because of the behavior that caused the child trouble in the first place. Overall, those acts of puni shment place students further at risk, in which counseling and other forms of positive student support provide an increasingly healthier response to behavior and mental health. Do something about it.

New Zealand Native Plants By Miguel Derraik - 914 Words

Year 9 Research Task 2 – New Zealand Native Plants By Miguel Derraik 1. PLANT GROUPS There are five main plant groups (although this division is not always consistent): Thallophytes - aquatic organisms whose body is not separated into stem and leaves, have no vascular bundles and reproduce asexually 1, e.g. Neptune’s necklace (Hormosira banksii) (Figure 1) and the bull kelp (Durvillaea antarctica). Figure 1: Neptune’s necklace (Hormosira banksii) Bryophytes - is a group consisting of three divisions: hornworts, liverworts and mosses. Bryophytes do not have water conducting vessels and they need aquatic and terrestrial environments to complete their life cycle 2, e.g. the moss Beeveria and Sphagnum (Figure 2) 5. Figure 2: The moss Sphagnum Pteridophytes - The Pteridophyte is a flowerless and seedless group of plants, with well developed vascular bundles, and true plant body parts. These are known as ferns, such as the silver fern (Cyathea dealbata) (Figure 3) 1. Figure 3: Silver fern (Cyathea dealbata) Gymnosperms - a group of flowering vascular plants with ovules and seeds exposed, so that seeds are not produced in fruit and are not protected 2,3. New Zealand has many important gymnosperms such as rimu (Dacrydium cupressinum) , totara (Podocarpus totara), matai (Prumnopitys ferruginea), kauri (Agathis australis) (Figure 4) and the very tall (up to 60 m) kahikatea (Dacrycarpus dacrydioides) 4. Figure 4: A large kauri tree (Agathis australis) Angiosperms - a group of

Comparative Issues in International Management

Question: Discuss how the various economic, international trade, legal and technological factors assist or hinder Multi-National Corporations in entering new global or regional markets you should seek to provide specific Multi-National Corporations examples to support your answer. Answer: Introduction Globalization is shaping our lives and is leading us into a new territory. New technologies help in reducing the cost of global communication and travel where the people are exposed to the international cultures by travelling. The Countries these days have taken major decisions where they have reduced their rules and policies in terms of travel and in terms of allowing new business firms to grow (Milmo 2008). These moves in terms of globalisation have transformed the ways in which the business organizations respond to the growing competencies and they have also helped the organizations grow more effectively. The multi - national corporations are looking out for newer opportunities to grow and to emerge in the newer markets with their own customers by intensifying the competition on an international scale (Milmo 2008). The Companies face a lot of issues in terms of economic factors, the international trade barriers, legal barriers and technological factors depending on the political and economic situation of that specific international market which they choose to enter. All the new strategies of the organizations have started to motivate the Managements alter their management strategies and policies in terms of implementing their projects. International Business involves different issues at some junctures where there could be sure possibilities of exchange of views and systems in terms of various economic, international trade, legal and technological factors which can cause some type of hindrance in promoting the Multi National corporations to a greater level (Branigan 2008). The dynamic nature of the International Business Organizations has been changing a lot where if we consider the examples of the alarm clock with which we wake up on a daily basis has a major link with the international country China and these clocks are being exported to almost all the Countries in the world. This shows that the business is being outsourced a lot to the international locations for a lot of advantages like emerging markets in those countries, the competitive advantage in those countries which the Multi National corporations are being able to realise (Branigan 2008). These Multi National corporations are also being proposed as stronger business firms in the market where they have proven to exhibit a greater sustainability and corporate social responsibility. There are a lot of international companies or the Multi National corporations which have made their ways to almost all the Countries in terms of their products like the Adidas shoes, Nike stores and their large variety of clothes, the Mobile Phones with Companies like Samsung and Xiaomi, electrical products from General Electric, Computers, Laptops and Accessories from companies like Dell, Chocolate brand which almost all the people in the world are familiar with like Nestle and the phone companies like Vodafone who are a major mobile service providers in the world (Mercado, Welford and Prescott 2001). 2) Factors assisting or hindering Multi National Corporations in entering new markets Overview of new market entry The Organizations see the local determinants in terms of their interaction which would be ownership specific and based on the internalisation advantages in terms of a larger situation in designing the corporate strategies. The Organizational strategies aim and spread their objectives in terms entering new markets, reducing risks, entering markets like oligopolistic and competitive environments. What makes MNCs enter into new market The new market seeking objectives could be majorly focussed on entering new markets in order to enhance the scope of acquiring new businesses, starting up newer branches in the international locations, attaining the market power and aiming at diversifying the markets in terms of spreading the risk strategy (Mercado, Welford and Prescott 2001). Brief discussion of factors economic, international trade, legal and technological There are various factors which can assist or cause hindrance to MNCs to enter new markets which include Economic factors like Free market capitalisation and various economic enhancements which they can achieve The average market profits which they can make Governments rules and policies which might affect the market decisions Market factors like economic situation of the Country, market borrowings and fluctuations Levels of Education and labour market laws Availability of skilled labour Levels of infrastructure which is maintained International Trade FDI policies and interventions levels of protectionism Levels of Government interference in business activities Economic and Trade pacts with the other Countries Participation in international and regional trade agreements Legal Levels of Government interference and Governments rules and policies which might affect the market decisions Legal policies and codes of conduct which are formed Rules of law Issues of jurisdiction in terms of policies to be adapted and implemented Technological Types of technological development like infrastructure of the buildings to open the new ventures Types of technological qualification which people should have Technological products which would be introduced in terms of technical qualifications and skills to acquire Technological skill assessment to contribute towards the economic development which is required in that specific country 2.1 Economic Factors a) The general economic factors which are to be considered before entering the new global and regional market depend on various situations. All the business organizations face some competition in terms of setting their business in the international markets with respect to the internal and the external factors (Bhalla and Shiva Ramu 2003). The external environmental factors which have to be considered include economic factors, socio cultural factors, Government factors and policies inclusive of the legal factors, demographic factors and the internal local economic factors. b) The economic situations can turn out to be viable and non viable in some cases depending on the situations of the country and the type of business and the situation of their local economic and political factors (Helmore 2004). The environmental factors are beyond the control of any Organization and the success will depend on the adaptability to the environment which would in turn control the opportunities which the Organizations would get and the threats which they might face in order to sustain in that specific local market. c) For example the changing economic situations in the Countries have set low standards in terms of growth rates especially for the Companies in the Consumer Business like NESTLE in the UK. The brands have to come up with newer strategies in order to come up with newer products and offers to sustain the competition in the local market. The same is the case with Companies like Vodafone, Dell and General Electric where the changing economic situations can hamper the development of the products and can also impact the market decisions to a great extent (Ewing and Edmondson 2005). The changing economic factors can cause a great deal of discomfort in the markets by causing changes like increased unemployment because of the non-performance of the Companies and their products in the markets. These situations also arise because of the change in interest and exchange rates in the international global environment when the Companies try to enter newer international markets like EU and UAE. The rise of the other international economies like China and India can also hamper the economic growth of their local market (Bulkley 2008). All these factors happen when there is a large transformation of a specific brand or a company into a consumable product like for example DELL and VODAFONE. When the market for such products grow there is a large competition which develops due to the emerging newer brands in the international market. For example in the case of DELL they have faced a large competition with COMPAQ (Bulkley 2008). 2.2 International Trade a) International Trade International Trade is the exchange model of various types of products and services across various international locations. The International trade processes consist of different initiatives taken by the Government and the Companies in most of the international markets. The international trade share is represented by the GDP Gross Domestic Product. b) What type of International Trade is preferred by MNCs and why The International trade preferred by the MNCs is similar to that of the trade which is conducted between the Countries where they expect something from each other in terms of exchange of products and services. The trade is an essential activity which involves exchange however it might not always focus on the Government policies which are involved. c) Examples to support arguments For example in case of DELL and VODAFONE the trade happens between the products, accessories and peripherals related to the production and sales of the products. The MNCs prefer to specialise in types of products and services which are unique to their brand and they trade in those specific products. This figure shows us the product possibility curve and the constant opportunity costs which it might create. 2.3 Legal a) What are the legal issues In terms of business firms there could be a possibility of various legal issues in terms of handling consumers, partnership companies, Government and Suppliers and Vendors. Legal issues can be related to any litigations because of the Companies, the internal employees, suppliers and the Management. Litigations could also arise due to the patent issues of their products and the issues related to their dissatisfied Consumers. b) How could it help or hinder MNCs to enter global market. What causes Legal environment to change The external or the environmental factors like the economic and socio cultural factors, government and the legal factors are all called as uncontrollable factors where the environmental factors are far beyond the control of a firm and the success of the Organization depends on its adaptability to change and adjust to the new environment. There could be a lot of legal factors like macro environment and micro environment factors which could involve external environment factors like suppliers, market vendors, competitors and partnership companies. All these factors could change the macro environment by causing some changes in the legal environment of the company. Apart from these parameters factors like exchange markets, foreign legal systems, cultural differences, rates of inflation and fluctuation in the markets cause the legal environment of a company to change. There are a distinct set of strategies which have a major control on the responses of any specific issue where the firms c an restructure themselves based on various legal strategies in order to work towards the organizational growth (Bartram 2004). c) Examples to support arguments If we consider the case of DELL the company has grown to a major extent and the computers have become more of a commodity and the companies in competition like Compaq have become rivals to DELL. The factor here is the market competition. In this category Compaq has continued to maintain its processes with great systematic procedures and the competition shifted to the value for money (Chindnovsky 1999). In the case of NESTLE and Vodafone the companies have to consider the legal laws and policies of that specific country and have to implement their sales strategies. The laws include various aspects like health and safety, consumer laws, employee laws and discrimination laws which can protect the interests of the employees on a legal front on the Governments front (Jones and Mackintosh 2005). The laws are safeguarded for all purposes where the Employees are treated with great care and equally. 2.4 Technology a) Role of Technology Technology can have a significant impact on the people in terms of the companys future and fortune. There have been a lot of technological achievements which have made a lot of contribution in terms of introducing newer tools and apps to make some processes function and in innovating new products like mobile phones, computers, accessories, apps, internet related products and scanners. There has been a heavy investment in new technology which has paid a lot of higher returns for the Companies. If we consider the mobile technologies the companies have invested in a greater technology which can support newer platforms and make the global company stand out as a global leader in the international market. b) Advantages and Disadvantages The critical factor to technological investment and implementation is market understanding of the products and the technological sophistication. A higher investment in the technological companies can majorly change the fortune of the companies in a positive way. If we consider the GEs products we would see that the implemented technology has changed the quality of the products which has allowed to exhibit their talent in a great way. Vodafone with its technology has changed the quality of the speakers and the microphones with which the listening ability has been enhanced. These technological investments have contributed to high end market potential where the companies have identified the required technological changes which had to be brought in order to enhance the quality of their products and services. These technological changes can also contribute to provide newer opportunities for new products to be introduced and they can also reduce the risks in the markets. c) Examples to support your arguments Having the products of General Electric are for sure a great hit in terms of a product brand as they are known to be the pioneers in the product categories of electric stoves, cleaners, dishwashers and electrical products. In cases of products like computers and electronics there has been a large competition in terms of introducing newer product category by revolutionising their mobile technology and devices (Bhalla and ShivaRamu 2003). DELL is known for its higher reputation in terms of quality, specifications, reliability and innovation. Conclusion We have analysed various economic, international trade, legal and technological factors assist or hinder Multi-National Corporations in entering new global or regional markets. The Management of the companies should identify various dimensions in order to handle all the issues related to identifying new markets and analysing them. This type of an analysis will recommend newer styles and dimensions where the companies can deal with any of the extremities which they might face (Engardio 2005). The Companies can also adapt and implement any of the contingency models which can ensure a better approach for successful implementations of their products and services. References Milmo, D 2008, Former BA Bosses Face Price-Fixing Charges, Guardian, 7 August, 26 Mercado, S., R. Welford and K. Prescott 2001, European Business: An Issue-Based Approach, Harlow: FT Pearson. 5 Helmore, E 2004, Do Not Pass Go Says EC, Observer, 28 March, 3. Jones, A. and J. 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